Arabuko Sokoke Forest Reserve

Arabuko Sokoke Forest Reserve comprises the largest remaining tract of coastal forest in East Africa, spanning 420 square kilometers between the coastal towns of Malindi and Watamu in Kenya. This ancient rainforest ecosystem represents a critical conservation area, protecting one of the most biodiverse and ecologically significant coastal forests on the continent. The reserve is characterized by three distinct forest types: mixed forest, miombo woodland with its distinctive open canopy ideal for walking, and cynometra forest, each supporting unique wildlife communities. The landscape features forest-fringed ponds adorned with water lilies, the expansive Arabuko Swamp where elephants congregate at sunset, and the Nyari viewpoint offering spectacular vistas across the forest canopy to the Indian Ocean. The reserve's elevation ranges from 11 to 181 meters, creating varied microclimates within the forest ecosystem. Arabuko Sokoke is internationally recognized as a premier bird-watching destination, hosting numerous rare endemic and near-endemic species found nowhere else on Earth. Beyond its avian treasures, the reserve harbors a remarkable diversity of mammals including approximately 300 resident elephants, buffalo, yellow baboons, and several localized forest specialists such as the endemic Aders's duiker, Sokoke dog mongoose, and the distinctive golden-rumped elephant shrew. The reserve also protects an extraordinary variety of butterflies, frogs, and other invertebrates that thrive in the humid forest environment. Adjacent to the main reserve lies the Gedi Ruins National Monument, featuring the mysterious jungle-bound ruins of a medieval Swahili port city complete with ancient mosques and archaeological treasures, offering visitors a unique blend of natural and cultural exploration.

Ancient coastal dry forest ecosystem featuring three distinct forest types: mixed forest, miombo woodland with open canopy, and cynometra forest. Landscape includes forest-fringed ponds with water lilies, the expansive Arabuko Swamp, viewpoints overlooking forest canopy to the Indian Ocean, and diverse microhabitats supporting varied wildlife communities.

The forest area is inhabited by local residents who coexist with the protected reserve. Local guides are available and knowledgeable about forest wildlife and bird species. Community involvement in conservation and tourism is important to the reserve's management.

Visit early morning (6 AM opening) or late afternoon for optimal wildlife and bird photography. Bring telephoto lenses for distant bird subjects. The Nyari viewpoint offers excellent landscape photography over forest canopy to ocean. Wet season provides lush green backgrounds but challenging lighting. Patience and long walks required for endemic species photography. Hire knowledgeable guides who can locate specific species.